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2020下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题
Tencent, Chinese Scientists Initiate Award Program to Prompt Sci-tech Development
Chinese tech giant Tencent launched an award program on Friday with the country’s leading scientists to support research and development in life sciences, advanced manufacturing and other key science and technologies fields.
The Xplorer Prize will be awarded to 50 science professionals, aged below 45, each year. Prize winners will receive 600,000 yuan (86,300 US dollars) annually for five consecutive years to support their exploration in fundamental science and cutting-edge core technologies, according to a statement from Tencent Foundation, the company’s charitable platform.
The Tencent Foundation will offer one billion yuan as the initial fund for the award, which is open to registration in next January and will announce its first batch of winners in July.
The award will focus on supporting nine fields including mathematical physics, life sciences, astronomy and geosciences, new chemical materials, information electronics, energy and environmental protection, advanced manufacturing, transportation and construction technology as well as cutting-edge and cross-disciplinary technology.
China’s top leadership has called for enhanced efforts to facilitate fundamental science and cutting-edge technologies to boost the country’s innovative competitiveness.
Cutting-edge science and technologies are crucial to lifting China’s development to a higher level, and it’s important to support young science professionals, said Rao Yi, a life sciences professor with Peking University and one of the 14 Chinese scientists who co-initiated the award.
Tencent Chairman and CEO Pony Ma said it is natural for Tencent to contribute to advances in science and technologies by complementing the country’s support for sci-tech explorations.
The Shenzhen-based firm announced a major structural reorganization in late September to highlight the role of science and technologies in the company’s growth as part of its 20th anniversary commemorations.
科技巨头腾讯与中国科学家共同发起了一项奖励计划，以促进科技发展
周五，中国科技巨头腾讯推出了一项奖励计划，由中国顶尖科学家参与，以支持生命科学、先进制造和其他关键科学技术领域的研发。
Xplorer奖每年颁发给50名年龄在45岁以下的科学专业人士。根据腾讯慈善平台腾讯基金会的一份声明，获奖者将获得每年60万元(86300美元)的奖励，连续5年，以支持他们在基础科学和前沿核心技术的探索研究。
腾讯基金会将提供10亿元人民币作为该奖项的启动资金，该奖项将于明年1月开放注册，并将于7月公布第一批获奖者。
该奖项将重点支持九个领域，包括数学物理、生命科学、天文学和地球科学、新化学材料、信息电子、能源和环境保护、先进制造、运输和建筑技术以及尖端和跨学科技术。
中国最高领导层呼吁加大力度，来促进基础科学和尖端技术的发展，以提高中国的创新竞争力。
北京大学生命科学教授、14位共同发起该奖项的中国科学家之一饶毅说，尖端科学技术对于提升中国的发展水平至关重要，对支持年轻的科学专业人士也十分重要。
腾讯董事长兼首席执行官马化腾表示，腾讯会通过响应国家对科技开发的支持，为科技进步做出贡献是理所应当的。
作为公司成立20周年纪念活动的一部分，这家总部位于深圳的公司在9月底宣布启动一项重大的结构重组计划，以突出科技在公司发展中的作用。
2020下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题
North American Dealmaking Leaves M&A at Record High
North American companies unleashed a dealmaking spree totalling more than $50bn on Monday, as executives ignored a pending trade war and uncertainty around US midterm elections to swallow European rivals in a series of industry-changing mergers.
Boardroom confidence, cheap debt and record stock prices have spurred a wave of activity that left global dealmaking at a record high of $3.2tn in 2018. Companies are racing to remake themselves by snatching trophy assets or consolidating with rivals before the business cycle turns. 、
Deals lined up on Monday ranged from the glitz of the catwalks in Milan – as Michael Kors readied a multibillion dollar takeover offer for storied Milanese fashion house Versace – down to the grit of the mining world, with Canada’s Barrick Gold agreeing a $6bn all-stock purchase of Randgold Resources.
But the biggest prize was in media, as Comcast trounced 21st Century Fox and Walt Disney in a weekend auction for Sky with a 30.6bn bid, while in the radio sector SiriusXM secured a $3.5bn deal for digital music provider Pandora Media.
Global mergers and acquisitions have totalled $3.24tn so far this year, 40 per cent higher than the same time a year ago and ahead of the record pace set in 2007, according to data from Thomson Reuters. Megadeals of more than $5bn in value accounted for 44 per cent of transactions this year.
A rally in global stock indices has assuaged concerns that the intensifying trade dispute between the US and China would dent economic activity, and in turn dealmaking. The S&P 500 has climbed 16.5 per cent over the past 12 months, while the Dow Jones Industrial Index rose by 19 per cent, and both sat near record territory on Monday.
北美引领全球并购交易创新高
北美公司周一发起总计逾500亿美元的交易狂潮，公司高管们忽视了悬而未决的贸易战以及围绕美国中期选举的不确定性，在一系列改变行业格局的合并中吞并欧洲竞争对手。
董事会信心、低成本债务以及创纪录高位的股价刺激了一波活动，促使2018年全球并购交易额创下3.2万亿美元的历史最高纪录。企业竞相赶在商业周期转向之前买下炫耀性资产或者与竞争对手整合，以求重塑自我。
周一的交易活动既包括华丽耀眼的米兰时装秀，迈克·科尔斯为传奇色彩的米兰时装公司范哲思准备了数十亿美元的收购要约;又彰显出采矿业的勇气，加拿大的巴里克黄金同意以60亿美元全股票方式收购兰德黄金资源公司。
但最大的奖项是在媒体行业——康卡斯特在英国天空广播公司的周末拍卖中，以306亿英镑的出价击败21世纪福克斯和华特迪士尼，而在无线电广播领域，SiriusXM以35亿美元收购了数字音乐提供商Pandora Media。
汤森路透的数据显示，全球并购交易今年迄今总计达到3.24万亿美元，比去年同期增长40%，超过2007年创下的历史最高水平。价值超过50亿美元的巨额交易占到今年交易的44%。
之前人们担忧，中美之间日益激烈的贸易争端将会削弱经济活动，进而影响交易，但全球股指上涨缓解了这种担忧。标普500指数在过去12个月里上涨了16.5%，而道琼斯工业平均指数上涨了19%，两大指数周一均逼近历史高点。
2020下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题
欧洲部分机场安装测谎仪
很快机场安检步骤新增一项。欧洲的几个机场将开始对乘客进行谎言测试。特制测谎仪将利用人工智能技术对旅客进行测试。
这些测谎仪由一个叫i-BorderControl的欧盟项目提供支持。首批仪器将投放至匈牙利、希腊和拉脱维亚的边界关卡处。这些国家的机场将在本月测试使用这批测谎仪。
来自欧盟以外国家的游客将需要接受测试。他们将看着网络摄像头并回答电脑动画移民官的问题。由计算机生成的动画将随着游客的种族和语言而进行变化。
一名欧盟发言人表示虚拟边境安保将对乘客面部进行扫描并分析他们的微表情。他们将根据这些表情检测乘客是否在撒谎。
如果测谎软件检测出安全风险，则由一名安保人员进行接管。该步骤首先会将乘客们分为两种类型。低风险游客在测谎过程中会被询问一些基本信息，而高风险乘客将会被问及更多细节问题。一名心理学专家质疑这个系统的有效性。他说：“被要求撒谎和真正的撒谎相比会非常不同，撒谎者的行为线索也会非常不同……这是心理学中大家都知道的问题。”
Several Airports in Europe Will Start Giving Lie Detector Tests to Passengers
Airports will soon add a new layer to their security procedures. Several airports in Europe will start giving lie detector tests to passengers. Special lie detector machines will use artificial intelligence to test travellers.
The lie detector machines are backed by a European Union project called i-BorderControl. The first machines will be at border checkpoints in Hungary, Greece and Latvia. Airports in these countries will carry out trials on the lie detector machines this month.
Travellers from outside the European Union will have to take the test. They will look into a webcam and answer questions from a computer-animated immigration official. The computer-generated animation will change to match the race and language of the traveller.
A European Union spokesperson said the virtual border guard will scan passengers’ faces and analyze their micro-expressions. They will use these expressions to find out if the passenger might be lying.
A human security guard will take over if the lie-detecting software detects a security risk. The procedure will initially divide passengers into two types. Low-risk travellers will be asked basic information in the lie-detection process, while higher-risk passengers will get more detailed questions. A psychology expert doubted if the system would work. He said: “If you ask people to lie, they will do it differently and show very different behavioural cues than if they truly lie.... This is a known problem in psychology. ”
2020下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题
Reverse Pinocchio – Researchers Find that Your Nose Shrinks When You Lie
Pinocchio may be just a children’s fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called ‘Pinocchio effect’ and found that our noses don’t grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.
Dr Emilio Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2 degrees Celsius, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5ºC. Scientist also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye.
“One has to think in order to lie, which rises the temperature of the forehead,” Dr. Gómez Milán explained the findings. “At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose.”
For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology. One of these tasks involved calling a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents, partner or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to devise the lie themselves during the call, and the thermal cameras picked up this ‘reverse Pinocchio effect’ caused by the fluctuation in temperature in the nose and forehead.
Interestingly, the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector.
“With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce the occurrence of “false positives”, something that is frequent with other methods such as the polygraph,” said Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.
The thermal lie detector has been dubbed the most reliable in the world, 10% more so than the popular polygraph.
匹诺曹一说谎鼻子就变长?真相却是这样的
《匹诺曹》也许只是一个讲给孩子听的童话，不过，西班牙格拉纳达大学的科学家最近确实研究了所谓的“匹诺曹效应”，结果发现，我们在说谎时鼻子不会变大，而是会缩小一点。
埃米利奥·戈麦斯·米兰博士和他的团队研发出一种测谎试验，用热成像仪来判断人们是否在说谎，结果发现只要参与者一说谎，鼻尖的温度就会下降多达1.2摄氏度，而前额温度会上升多达1.5摄氏度。科学家还发现，鼻尖温度的下降会导致鼻尖略微缩小，不过这种差别是人的肉眼所无法察觉到的。
戈麦斯·米兰博士在解释研究结果时说：“一个人在说谎前要先想一想，这会导致前额温度升高。与此同时我们又感到焦虑，这会降低鼻尖的温度。”
在研究中，研究人员请60个学生在接受热成像技术扫描期间执行了多项任务。其中一项任务就是给父母、伴侣或朋友打3-4分钟电话，说一个大谎。参与者在打电话过程中要自己编谎话。于是研究人员就通过热成像摄影机捕捉到了鼻子和前额温度波动引发的“反匹诺曹效应”。
有趣的是，热成像测谎仪捕捉住了80%的测试对象的温度差异，成功率比任何一种现代测谎仪都高。
埃米利奥·戈麦斯·米兰博士说：“用这种方法我们提高了测谎准确率，降低了误报的发生率，而用测谎器等方法经常会出现误报。”他还说，执法部门负责审讯的官员有一天将能把热成像技术和其他测谎技术结合起来以达到更准确的结果。
热成像测谎仪被称为世界上最可靠的测谎设备，比普遍使用的测谎器准确率要高出10%。